Investigational Studies

Tissue Oximetry

fdNIRS can provide quantitative tissue perfusion information including StO2, HHb, HbO2, and HbR. This information can be used in many clinical applications ranging from sports medicine and weight loss to cardiovascular health assessment and treatment.

G. Ganesan, J. A. Cotter, W. Reuland, A. E. Cerussi, B. J. Tromberg, and P. Galassetti, “Effect of blood flow restriction on tissue oxygenation during knee extension,” Medicine science sports exercise 47, 185–193 (2015).

R. V. Warren, J. Cotter, G. Ganesan, L. Le, J. P. Agustin, B. Duarte, K. Cutler, T. O’Sullivan, B. J. Tromberg. "Non-invasive Optical Imaging of Resistance Training Adaptations in Human Muscle," J Biomed Opt. (2017)

Investigational Studies

The NearWave Scanner is for investigational use only for these applications.

The NearWave Scanner® is currently used for research only.

Breast Cancer

Diagnosis

Mammography remains the standard-of-care for breast cancer screening and diagnosis. However, more than half of radiologists do not operate in the acceptable ranges for biopsy recommendations, according to a 2017 NIH study, suggesting an unmet clinical need. fdNIRS has been shown as a promising technology to help radiologists characterize benign or malignant legions in the breast, in one study showing >90% specificity and sensitivity. Additionally, fdNIRS can provide functional and metabolic information and is not limited by the density of breast tissue.

A. Leproux, Y. M. Kim, J. W. Min, C. E. McLaren, W. Chen, T. D. O’Sullivan, S. Lee, P. Chung, and B. J. Tromberg. "Differential diagnosis of breast masses in South Korean premenopausal women using Diffuse Optical Spectroscopic Imaging (DOSI)," J Biomed Opt. (2016)

B. J. Tromberg, N. Shah, R. Lanning, A. Cerussi, J. Espinoza, T. Pham, L. Svaasand, and J. Butler, “Non-invasive in vivo characterization of breast tumors using photon migration spectroscopy,” Neoplasia 2, 26–40 (2000).

Neoadjuvant

Chemotherapy

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is given to a patient in order to downstage tumors prior to surgery. Approximately 31% of women fail to respond to this therapy. It has recently been shown that measuring tissue oxygen saturation in breast tumors using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) can predict the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy within 7 days of treatment. However, this type of functional imaging is not included in current standard-of-care imaging modalities. Increased monitoring can enable dynamic feedback for optimization of chemotherapy strategies in breast cancer prior to tumor size reduction.

B. J. Tromberg, Z. Zhang, A. Leproux, T. D. O’Sullivan, et al. "Predicting Responses to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer: ACRIN 6691 Trial of Diffuse Optical Spectroscopic Imaging," Cancer Res. (2016)

Tank, H.M. Peterson, V. Pera, S. Tabassum, A. Leproux, T. D. O’Sullivan, E. Jones, H. Cabral, N. Ko, R.S. Mehta, B.J. Tromberg & D. Roblyer. Diffuse optical spectroscopic imaging reveals distinct early breast tumor hemodynamic responses to metronomic and maximum tolerated dose regimens. Breast Cancer Research. (2020)

Brain Imaging

fdNIRS can be used to monitor and track brain activity for research, education, trauma diagnosis such as traumatic brain injury (TBI), and neuro-rehabilitation. Information on brain performance may indicate signs of cognitive impairment from trauma such as a concussion.

L. Meng, A. W. Gelb, B. S. Alexander, A. E. Cerussi, B. J. Tromberg, Z. Yu, and W. W. Mantulin, “Impact of phenylephrine administration on cerebral tissue oxygen saturation and blood volume is modulated by carbon dioxide in anaesthetized patients,” Br. J. Anaesth. 108, 815–822 (2012).

T. H. Pham, R. Hornung, H. P. Ha, T. Burney, D. Serna, L. Powell, M. Brenner, and B. J. Tromberg, “Non-invasivemonitoring of hemodynamic stress using quantitative near-infrared frequency-domain photon migration spectroscopy,”J. Biomed. Opt.7, 34–44 (2002).

Neonatal Imaging

The lungs of newborns are not fully developed and it is not always clear if their brain is being properly oxygenated. Therefore, tracking the oxygenation in the brains of newborns is crucial to monitoring early treatment and development.

A. Cerussi, R. Van Woerkom, F. Waffarn, and B. Tromberg, “Noninvasive monitoring of red blood cell transfusion in very low birthweight infants using diffuse optical spectroscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 10, 051401 (2005).

Other Research

Applications

Other research applications include cardiovascular health, bone cancer sarcoma, joint imaging, pre-clinical imaging, and many others!

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